As expected, the move comes in response to Trump's order this week for Beijing to close its consulate in Houston after Washington accused Chinese agents of trying to steal medical and other research in Texas.

The Chinese foreign ministry appealed to Washington to reverse its "wrong decision".

Chinese-US relations have soured amid a mounting array of conflicts including trade, the handling of the coronavirus pandemic, technology, spying accusations, Hong Kong and allegations of abuses against Chinese ethnic Muslims.

"The measure taken by China is a legitimate and necessary response to the unjustified act by the United States," said a foreign ministry statement.

"The current situation in Chinese-US relations is not what China desires to see. The United States is responsible for all this," the ministry said.

"We once again urge the United States to immediately retract its wrong decision and create necessary conditions for bringing the bilateral relationship back on track."

On Tuesday, the Trump administration ordered the Houston consulate closed within 72 hours.

It alleged Chinese agents tried to steal data from facilities including the Texas A&M medical system.

The ministry rejected the allegations as "malicious slander" and warned the Houston consulate's closure was "breaking down the bridge of friendship" between the two countries.

The United States has an embassy in Beijing and consulates in five other mainland cities — Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Shenyang and Wuhan. It also has a consulate in Hong Kong, a Chinese territory.